@inProceedings{ahlfeldt-matsson-2024-digarv-334595, title = {The DIGARV Platform: A collaborative platform for working with cultural heritage data and research data}, abstract = {This article covers an easy-to-use research tool for collaborative work. The tool has been adapted for structured data and high-resolution images within four research projects at GRIDH. The platform is especially designed for working with temporal and spatial data. Furthermore, the platform gives researchers access to a relational database system through input forms and access to external cultural heritage data including high-resolution images. This way the platform also aims to utilize external data published as Linked Open Data (LOD) and, at the same time, prepare its own research data for publishing as LOD. Because of the spatial and temporal nature of the data, it is visualized in time and space through maps and timelines to give overview and context during the data management phase.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference, 10-11 January, 2024, Gothenburg, Sweden}, editor = {Elena Volodina and Gerlof Bouma and Markus Forsberg and Dimitrios Kokkinakis and David Alfter and Mats Fridlund and Christian Horn and Lars Ahrenberg and Anna Blåder}, author = {Åhlfeldt, Johan and Matsson, Arild}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Linköping University Electronic Press}, address = {Linköping }, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @inProceedings{munozsanchez-2024-when-341073, title = {When Hieroglyphs Meet Technology: A Linguistic Journey through Ancient Egypt Using Natural Language Processing}, abstract = {Knowing our past can help us better understand our future. The explosive development of NLP in these past few decades has allowed us to study ancient languages and cultures in ways that we couldn’t have done in the past. However, not all languages have received the same level of attention. Despite its popularity in pop culture, the languages spoken in Ancient Egypt have been somewhat overlooked in terms of NLP research. In this survey paper we give an overview of how NLP has been used to study different variations of the Ancient Egyptian languages. This not only includes Old, Middle, and Late Egyptian but also Demotic and Coptic. We begin by giving a short introduction to these languages and their writing systems, before talking about the corpora and lexical resources that are available digitally. We then show the different NLP tasks that have been tackled for different variations of Ancient Egyptian, as well as the approaches that have been used. We hope that our work can stoke interest in the study of these languages within the NLP community.}, booktitle = {3rd Workshop on Language Technologies for Historical and Ancient Languages, LT4HALA 2024 at LREC-COLING 2024 - Workshop Proceedings}, author = {Muñoz Sánchez, Ricardo}, year = {2024}, ISBN = {9782493814463}, } @article{volodina-etal-2024-swedish-340630, title = {Swedish word family resource}, abstract = {The article introduces a novel lexical resource for Swedish based on word family principles. The development of the Swedish Word Family (SweWF) resource is set into the context of linguistic complexity in second language acquisition. The SweWF is particularly appropriate for that, given that it contains lexical items used in second language corpora, namely, in a corpus of coursebook texts, and in a corpus of learner essays. The main focus of the article is on the construction of the resource with its user interface and on its applicability for research, although it also opens vast possibilities for practical applications for language learning, testing and assessment. We demonstrate the value of the resource through several case studies.}, journal = {ITL-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS}, author = {Volodina, Elena and Ali Mohammed, Yousuf and Tiedemann, Therese Lindstrom}, year = {2024}, } @inProceedings{broden-etal-2024-samforfattande-335726, title = {Samförfattande som datadriven tvärvetenskap: Pragmatiska lärdomar från SweTerror-projektet }, abstract = {Terrorism i svensk politik (SweTerror) är ett storskaligt tvärvetenskapligt forskningsprojekt med forskare från såväl human- och samhällsvetenskaperna som datavetenskaperna. Samtidigt använder och utvecklar SweTerror nationell forskningsinfrastruktur för riksdagsdata. Detta paper beskriver användningen av samförfattande som en datadriven tvärvetenskaplig praktik för att integrera olika vetenskapliga perspektiv och skapa samsyn i projektforskningen. Vi tar fasta på betydelsen av valet att koncentrera samarbetsformen kring konferenspapers inom specifikt digital humaniora och diskuterar erfarenheten av att samskrivande försvagar vetenskapligt revirtänkande, liksom ett iterativt förhållningssätt till forskningsdata kopplade till forskningsinfrastrukturer under uppbyggnad. Avslutningsvis betonar vi datadrivet samförfattande som en pragmatisk praktik för att stärka kollaborativt samarbete och kunskapsbryggor inom en tvärvetenskaplig forskargrupp.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024), 10-11 January, 2024, Gothenburg, Sweden}, author = {Brodén, Daniel and Fridlund, Mats and Olsson, Leif-Jöran and Ängsal, Magnus Pettersson and Öhberg, Patrik}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Linköping University Electronic Press}, address = {Linköping}, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @inProceedings{bouma-etal-2024-konsten-333683, title = {Konsten att bedriva svensk ordforskning utan att kränka upphovsrätten}, abstract = {Vi beskriver KB-labb och Språkbanken Texts samarbete för att underlätta ordforskning på de upphovsrätts-skyddade korpusar som finns i Kungliga bibliotekets samlingar. Satsningen har hittils lett till två öppna datasamlingar, Kubord 1 och 2, som ger tillgång till ordstatistik och ordsamförekomststatistik. Vi beskriver även Kubord-fastText, en samling vektormodeller som är baserade på samma korpusar, som är underutveckling}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024), Gothenburg, 10–11 January, 2024 / eds. Elena Volodina, Gerlof Bouma, Markus Forsberg, Dimitrios Kokkinakis, David Alfter, Mats Fridlund, Christian Horn, Lars Ahrenberg, Anna Blåder}, author = {Bouma, Gerlof and Forsberg, Markus and Sikora, Justyna and Sköldberg, Emma}, year = {2024}, publisher = { Linköping University Electronic Press}, address = {Linköping }, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @incollection{pfaff-bouma-2024-npegl-335993, title = {The NPEGL noun phrase database: design and construction }, booktitle = { Bech, Kristin & Pfaff, Alexander (eds.), Noun phrases in early Germanic languages}, author = {Pfaff, Alexander and Bouma, Gerlof}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, address = {Berlin}, ISBN = {978-3-96110-467-3}, pages = {1–32}, } @inProceedings{kokkinakis-hammarlin-2024-cluster-338476, title = {Cluster-Based BERTopic Modeling on Swedish COVID-19 Vaccine Posts}, abstract = {This paper explores the prevalent themes across multiple threads on the popular Swedish discussion forum Flashback. Among its diverse array of topics, the forum actively engages users in addressing and debating questions pertaining to COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination. Through distinguishing between positive and negative perspectives within posts across 14 relevant thread discussions, we employ BERTopic, a modular topic modeling framework, which utilizes pre-trained language models and applies clustering techniques to identify prevailing topics. This enables us to conduct a nuanced exploration of overarching themes, offering valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of the discussions regarding COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination in Sweden.}, booktitle = {The 34th Medical Informatics Europe Conference}, author = {Kokkinakis, Dimitrios and Hammarlin, Mia-Marie}, year = {2024}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam • Washington, DC}, } @inProceedings{masciolini-etal-2024-synthetic-338288, title = {Synthetic-Error Augmented Parsing of Swedish as a Second Language: Experiments with Word Order}, abstract = {Ungrammatical text poses significant challenges for off-the-shelf dependency parsers. In this paper, we explore the effectiveness of using synthetic data to improve performance on essays written by learners of Swedish as a second language. Due to their relevance and ease of annotation, we restrict our initial experiments to word order errors. To do that, we build a corrupted version of the standard Swedish Universal Dependencies (UD) treebank Talbanken, mimicking the error patterns and frequency distributions observed in the Swedish Learner Language (SweLL) corpus. We then use the MaChAmp (Massive Choice, Ample tasks) toolkit to train an array of BERT-based dependency parsers, fine-tuning on different combinations of original and corrupted data. We evaluate the resulting models not only on their respective test sets but also, most importantly, on a smaller collection of sentence-correction pairs derived from SweLL. Results show small but significant performance improvements on the target domain, with minimal decline on normative data.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Multiword Expressions and Universal Dependencies (MWE-UD) @ LREC-COLING 2024, May 25, 2024, Torino, Italia}, author = {Masciolini, Arianna and Francis, Emilie and Szawerna, Maria Irena}, year = {2024}, publisher = {ELRA and ICCL}, address = {Torino, Italy}, ISBN = {978-2-493814-20-3}, } @inProceedings{humlesjo-etal-2024-queerlit-334589, title = {Queerlit – a bibliography of Swedish fiction with LGBTQI topics}, abstract = {This paper summarizes the project Queerlit: Metadata and Searchability for LGBTQ+ Literary Heritage 2020-2023 and discusses some challenges in the development of this resource. The Queerlit project consist of four parts: 1. Creating a bibliography of Swedish fiction with LGBTQI themes 2. Creating a Swedish thesaurus (QLIT), adapted from the of the linked open data thesaurus Homosaurus 3. Assigning all material in the bibliography with subject headings from QLIT. 4. A web user interface for searching the material All four parts are integrated with the Swedish union catalog, Libris, making the results of the project available for all under a CC0 license. QLIT is the first external thesaurus integrated in the linked open data framework used in the technical platform of Libris, XL. The bibliography spans from rune stones from the 7th century to recently published fiction. When applying subject headings for the material both general aspects of the work and specific LGBTQI topics are described, making this the most comprehensive retrospective indexing project of Swedish literature to date. The underlying knowledge organization is made a prominent method of interacting with the search interface, which is empirically designed around the needs of various user groups.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference, 10-11 January 2024, Gothenburg, Sweden / Editors: Elena Volodina, Gerlof Bouma, Markus Forsberg, Dimitrios Kokkinakis, David Alfter, Mats Fridlund, Christian Horn, Lars Ahrenberg, Anna Blåder}, author = {Humlesjö, Siska and Bergenmar, Jenny and Matsson, Arild}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Linköping University Electronic Press}, address = {Linköping}, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @inProceedings{holmer-etal-2024-saol-333679, title = {SAOL och svensk språkvetenskaplig infrastruktur – nu och i framtiden}, abstract = {Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL 14, 2015) spelar en viktig roll inom svensk språkvetenskaplig infrastruktur, något som framkommer i denna artikel. Vidare presenteras preliminära resultat av en undersökning av hur frekventa uppslagsorden i SAOL egentligen är i olika delkorpusar med modern allmänspråklig svenska. För att ordlistan även fortsättningsvis ska kunna användas inom svensk ordforskning, vid språkstudier m.m., men också bli mer central inom språkteknologiska sammanhang, är det avgörande att SAOL:s uppslagsord vilar på vetenskaplig grund, moderna språkteknologiska metoder och uppdaterade korpusmaterial. Fokus i artikeln ligger på de uppslagsord som inte finns belagda i korpusmaterialet, och som därmed kan tänkas mönstras ut inför den kommande femtonde upplagan.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024), Gothenburg, 10–11 January 2024 (eds. Elena Volodina, Gerlof Bouma, Markus Forsberg, Dimitrios Kokkinakis, David Alfter, Mats Fridlund, Christian Horn, Lars Ahrenberg, Anna Blåder)}, author = {Holmer, Louise and Lillieström, Ann and Sköldberg, Emma and Uppström, Jonatan}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings}, address = {Linköping }, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @inProceedings{belmonte-etal-2024-automatic-336253, title = {Automatic Detection of Rhythmic Features in Pathological Speech of MCI and Dementia Patients }, abstract = {The presence of linguistic alterations represents one of the prodromal signs of cognitive decline associated with dementia. In recent years, a growing body of work has been devoted to the development of algorithms for the automatic linguistic analysis of both oral and written texts, with diagnostic purposes. The extraction of Digital Linguistic Biomarkers from patients' verbal productions can indeed provide a rapid, ecological, and cost-effective system for large-scale screening of the pathology. This article contributes to the ongoing research in the field by exploring a traditionally less studied aspect of language in dementia, namely the rhythmic characteristics of speech. In particular, the paper focuses on the automatic detection of rhythmic features in Italian connected speech. A landmark-based system was developed and evaluated to segment the speech flow into vocalic and consonantal intervals and to calculate several rhythmic metrics. Additionally, the reliability of these metrics in identifying MCI and dementia patients was tested.}, booktitle = {RaPID-5: Resources and ProcessIng of linguistic, para-linguistic and extra-linguistic Data from people with various forms of cognitive/psychiatric/developmental impairments}, author = {Belmonte, Marica and Gagliardi, Gloria and Kokkinakis, Dimitrios and Tamburini, Fabio}, year = {2024}, publisher = {European Language Resources Association (ELRA)}, ISBN = {978-2-493814-11-1}, } @book{borin-etal-2024-vaccine-341185, title = {Vaccine Hesitancy in the Nordic Countries: Trust and Distrust During the COVID-19 Pandemic}, abstract = {Bringing together studies from across the Nordic region, this book examines the challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on vaccine hesitancy. Shedding light on the political tensions that emerged as a result of the pandemic and the debates that ensued both within and between the Nordic nations, it investigates the vociferous discussions surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines and their presumed negative side effects through the lens of trust; trust in and between the neighbouring countries, in healthcare systems, fellow citizens, and experts; in public authorities, politicians, researchers, journalists, and pharmaceutical companies. The first volume to explore vaccine hesitancy in the Scandinavian context, this ground-breaking volume offers fresh perspectives on vaccine scepticism not as a form of ignorance or lack of knowledge, but as a manifestation of a more fundamental lack of faith in modern government and science. As such, it will appeal to scholars of sociology, politics, anthropology, media studies, communication and cultural studies with interests in public health, popular and political discourse and questions of public trust. }, author = {Borin, Lars and Hammarlin, Mia Marie and Kokkinakis, Dimitrios and Miegel, Fredrik}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Taylor and Francis}, ISBN = {9781040011614}, } @inProceedings{kokkinakis-2024-from-336089, title = {From Zipf distribution to Universal Dependencies - Interactive Notebooks for Swedish Text Analysis }, abstract = {Notebook-based environments are powerful (web-based) interactive development resources for conducting exploratory (textual) data analysis (EDA). These environments allow the embedding of code (code snippets in ‛code cells’) which can be easily executed with the results immediately presented into the user’s window. This paper introduces some basic exploratory tools and techniques using JupyterLab notebooks, applied to Swedish using a subcorpus that address various topics related to the COVID-19 pandemic published during January-December 2021}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024)}, author = {Kokkinakis, Dimitrios}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings 205}, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @inProceedings{borin-holmer-2024-tradita-333774, title = {Tradita innovare, innovata tradere. The Gothenburg approach to computational lexicography}, abstract = {Swedish computational lexicography has a long history at the University of Gothenburg, both in its primary role as a central aspect of the scientific study of vocabulary and also as an infrastructural component for conducting research based on language data. Starting in the 1960s, the Språkdata research group pioneered corpus-supported lexicography for Swedish, forming the basis for successive editions of the two main descriptive dictionaries of contemporary Swedish, SAOL and SO. Language technological lexical resources for Swedish have been developed by the research unit/research infrastructure Språkbanken Text since the turn of the millennium, most recently in the framework of the Swedish FrameNet++initiative. After two decades of separation, these two largely mutually independently developed strands of computational lexicography have now joined forces under the umbrella of Språkbanken’s lexical research infrastructure to advance the field technically, methodologically, and scientifically.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024), 10-11 January, 2024, Gothenburg, Sweden / (Eds. Elena Volodina, Gerlof Bouma, Markus Forsberg, Dimitrios Kokkinakis, David Alfter, Mats Fridlund, Christian Horn, Lars Ahrenberg, Anna Blåder)}, author = {Borin, Lars and Holmer, Louise}, year = {2024}, publisher = {LiU Electronic Press}, address = {Linköping}, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @inProceedings{schlechtweg-etal-2024-durel-336715, title = {The DURel Annotation Tool: Human and Computational Measurement of Semantic Proximity, Sense Clusters and Semantic Change}, abstract = {We present the DURel tool implementing the annotation of semantic proximity between word uses into an online, open source interface. The tool supports standardized human annotation as well as computational annotation, building on recent advances with Word-in-Context models. Annotator judgments are clustered with automatic graph clustering techniques and visualized for analysis. This allows to measure word senses with simple and intuitive micro-task judgments between use pairs, requiring minimal preparation efforts. The tool offers additional functionalities to compare the agreement between annotators to guarantee the inter-subjectivity of the obtained judgments and to calculate summary statistics over the annotated data giving insights into sense frequency distributions, semantic variation or changes of senses over time.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations. St. Julians, Malta. Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 137–149}, author = {Schlechtweg, Dominik and Virk, Shafqat and Sander, Pauline and Sköldberg, Emma and Theuer Linke, Lukas and Zhang, Tuo and Tahmasebi, Nina and Schulte im Walde, Sabine}, year = {2024}, } @inProceedings{lofgren-dannells-2024-post-336065, title = {Post-OCR Correction of Digitized Swedish Newspapers with ByT5}, abstract = {Many collections of digitized newspapers suffer from poor OCR quality, which impacts readability, information retrieval, and analysis of the material. Errors in OCR output can be reduced by applying machine translation models to translate it into a corrected version. Although transformer models show promising results in post-OCR correction and related tasks in other languages, they have not yet been explored for correcting OCR errors in Swedish texts. This paper presents a post-OCR correction model for Swedish 19th to 21th century newspapers based on the pre-trained transformer model ByT5. Three versions of the model were trained on different mixes of training data. The best model, which achieved a 36\% reduction in CER, is made freely available and will be integrated into the automatic processing pipeline of Språkbanken Text, a Swedish language technology infrastructure containing modern and historical written data.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th Joint SIGHUM Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, Humanities and Literature (LaTeCH-CLfL 2024), March 22, 2024, Malta}, author = {Löfgren , Viktoria and Dannélls, Dana}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {United States Pennsylvania East Stroudsburg}, ISBN = {979-8-89176-069-1}, } @inProceedings{landqvist-etal-2024-"appendicit"-337164, title = {Hur kan "appendicit", "blodförgiftning" och "hyperaktivitetssyndrom" behandlas? Medicinens fackområde i Svensk ordbok utgiven av Svenska Akademien}, booktitle = {Svenskans beskrivning 38. Förhandlingar vid trettioåttonde sammankomsten Örebro 4–6 maj 2022. Del II. Redigerad av Denny Jansson, Ida Melander, Gustav Westberg & Daroon Yassin Falk}, author = {Landqvist, Hans and Sköldberg, Emma and Holmer, Louise}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Örebro universitet}, address = {Örebro}, ISBN = {978-91-87789-90-8}, } @inProceedings{dannells-etal-2024-transformer-338708, title = {Transformer-based Swedish Semantic Role Labeling through Transfer Learning}, abstract = {Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) is a task in natural language understanding where the goal is to extract semantic roles for a given sentence. English SRL has achieved state-of-the-art performance using Transformer techniques and supervised learning. However, this technique is not a viable choice for smaller languages like Swedish due to the limited amount of training data. In this paper, we present the first effort in building a Transformer-based SRL system for Swedish by exploring multilingual and cross-lingual transfer learning methods and leveraging the Swedish FrameNet resource. We demonstrate that multilingual transfer learning outperforms two different cross-lingual transfer models. We also found some differences between frames in FrameNet that can either hinder or enhance the model’s performance. The resulting end-to-end model is freely available and will be made accessible through Språkbanken Text’s research infrastructure.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024), 20-25 May, 2024, Torino, Italia}, author = {Dannélls, Dana and Johansson, Richard and Buhr, Lucy Yang }, year = {2024}, publisher = {ELRA and ICCL}, address = {Turin, Italy}, ISBN = {978-2-493814-10-4}, } @article{landqvist-skoldberg-2024-interjektioner-336473, title = {Interjektioner som lexikografisk utmaning. En fallstudie av interjektioner med engelskt ursprung utifrån Svensk ordbok utgiven av Svenska Akademien}, abstract = {In this article, a qualitative and, to some extent, comparative metalexicographic case study is reported. The study will answer two research questions: (1) How are the interjections "sorry", "shit" and "wow" described in The Contemporary Dictionary of the Swedish Academy (SO) compared to the corresponding dictionary articles in The Danish Dictionary (DDO) and the Norwegian Academy’s Dictionary (NAOB) and how can the SO descriptions be developed?; (2) How can the interjections "yes", "nice/najs" and "woho/wohoo" be analyzed and then described in new dictionary articles in an updated version of SO? The point of departure for answering both RQs is a number of information categories that are common in dictionary articles. Furthermore, the use of the current interjections in contemporary corpora and text collections for Swedish are crucial for the investigation. The results of the study show that interjections as a category implies several challenges for lexicographers regarding information about their spelling, pronunciation, and inflection, meaning, language examples, usage comments as well as information about their establishment, origin, and kinship. Finally, some suggestions are presented for how the description of interjections in the dictionary can be developed.}, journal = {ASLA:s skriftserie/ASLA Studies in Applied Linguistics}, author = {Landqvist, Hans and Sköldberg, Emma}, year = {2024}, volume = {31}, pages = {26--55}, } @inProceedings{lyngfelt-etal-2024-flersprakig-338191, title = {Flerspråkig konstruktikografi med hjälp av språkneutrala jämförelsebegrepp}, booktitle = {Svenskans beskrivning. Förhandlingar vid trettioåttonde sammankomsten, del 1, Örebro 4–6 maj 2022}, author = {Lyngfelt, Benjamin and Andréasson, Maia and Blensenius, Kristian and Bäckström, Linnéa and Höder, Steffen and Ljunglöf, Peter and Uppström, Jonatan}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Örebro universitet }, address = {Örebro}, ISBN = {978-91-87789-89-2}, } @inProceedings{skoldberg-2024-andra-337378, title = {Andra upplagan av Svensk ordbok (SO) – Förutsättningar, teoretiska överväganden, insatser och mottagande}, booktitle = {Svenskans beskrivning 38: Förhandlingar vid trettioåttonde sammankomsten. Örebro 4–6 maj 2022, Del I. Redigerad av Denny Jansson, Ida Melander, Gustav Westberg & Daroon Yassin Falk}, author = {Sköldberg, Emma}, year = {2024}, ISBN = {978-91-87789-89-2}, } @misc{volodina-etal-2024-proceedings-336386, title = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Language Data Pseudonymization (CALD-pseudo 2024), March 21, 2024, Malta}, author = {Volodina, Elena and Alfter, David and Dobnik, Simon and Lindström Tiedemann, Therese and Muñoz Sánchez, Ricardo and Szawerna, Maria Irena and Vu, Xuan-Son}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {Stroudsburg, PA }, ISBN = {979-8-89176-085-1}, } @inProceedings{lindahl-2024-disagreement-341074, title = {Disagreement in Argumentation Annotation}, abstract = {Disagreement, perspective or error? There is a growing discussion against the idea of a unified ground truth in annotated data, as well as the usefulness of such a ground truth and resulting gold standard. In data perspectivism, this issue is exemplified with tasks such as hate speech or sentiment classification in which annotators’ different perspectives are important to include. In this paper we turn to argumentation, a related field which has had less focus from this point of view. Argumentation is difficult to annotate for several reasons, from the more practical parts of deciding where the argumentation begins and ends to questions of how argumentation is defined and what it consists of. Learning more about disagreement is therefore important in order to improve argument annotation and to better utilize argument annotated data. Because of this, we examine disagreement in two corpora annotated with argumentation both manually and computationally. We find that disagreement is often not because of annotation errors or mistakes but due to the possibility of multiple possible interpretations. More specifically, these interpretations can be over boundaries, label or existence of argumentation. These results emphasize the need for more thorough analysis of disagreement in data, outside of the more common inter-annotator agreement measures.}, booktitle = {3rd Workshop on Perspectivist Approaches to NLP, NLPerspectives 2024 at LREC-COLING 2024 - Workshop Proceedings}, author = {Lindahl, Anna}, year = {2024}, ISBN = {9782493814234}, } @inProceedings{munozsanchez-etal-2024-name-339981, title = {Name Biases in Automated Essay Assessment}, abstract = {Artificial intelligence is being deployed in high-stakes situations, such as automated grading of second language essays in proficiency assessment. While they can improve the opportunities students have (education, work opportunities, etc.), such systems often display human-like biases. Aldrin (2017) notes that human graders have a slight bias based on names appearing in essay texts. We aim to identify whether the same pattern holds in automated systems. In this study we aim to answer the following research questions: 1) Does changing given names inside a second language learner essay affect the way the text is graded? 2) How much does this differ between feature-based machine learning and deep learning? For this, we use a de-anonymized (i.e. original) version of the Swell-pilot corpus of second language Swedish learner essays (Volodina 2016), which consists of 502 essays annotated with CEFR levels as our source data. First, we compile four lists of given names inspired by those of Aldrin (2017): traditional Swedish names; modern Swedish names of Anglo-American origin; Finnish names (due to the close sociocultural links between both countries); and names of Arabic origin (the most prominent group of learners in the corpus). Second, we create a diagnostic dataset to identify biases in the classification task. We select SweLL-pilot essays in which a given name appears only once. Then, we generate an essay version for each name on the lists by substituting the name in the original text with one from the list. Third, we fine-tune a BERT (Devlin et al. 2019) model on the original SweLL-pilot data to predict the CEFR level of a given essay and compare it to an existing feature-based model (Pilan 2016). Finally, we test the two models and compare the equality of opportunity between the different given name groups on the diagnostic dataset. }, booktitle = {The 28th International Congress of Onomastic Sciences (ICOS 28),19-23 August, 2024, Helsinki, Finland}, author = {Muñoz Sánchez, Ricardo and Dobnik, Simon and Lindström Tiedemann, Therese and Szawerna, Maria Irena and Volodina, Elena}, year = {2024}, } @inProceedings{szawerna-etal-2024-detecting-336385, title = {Detecting Personal Identifiable Information in Swedish Learner Essays}, abstract = {Linguistic data can — and often does — contain PII (Personal Identifiable Information). Both from a legal and ethical standpoint, the sharing of such data is not permissible. According to the GDPR, pseudonymization, i.e. the replacement of sensitive information with surrogates, is an acceptable strategy for privacy preservation. While research has been conducted on the detection and replacement of sensitive data in Swedish medical data using Large Language Models (LLMs), it is unclear whether these models handle PII in less structured and more thematically varied texts equally well. In this paper, we present and discuss the performance of an LLM-based PII-detection system for Swedish learner essays.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Language Data Pseudonymization (CALD-pseudo 2024)}, author = {Szawerna, Maria Irena and Dobnik, Simon and Muñoz Sánchez, Ricardo and Lindström Tiedemann, Therese and Volodina, Elena}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, } @inProceedings{lorenzi-etal-2024-mocca-338189, title = {MoCCA: A Model of Comparative Concepts for Aligning Constructicons}, abstract = {This paper presents MoCCA, a Model of Comparative Concepts for Aligning Constructicons under development by a consortium of research groups building Constructicons of different languages including Brazilian Portuguese, English, German and Swedish. The Constructicons will be aligned by using comparative concepts (CCs) providing language-neutral definitions of linguistic properties. The CCs are drawn from typological research on grammatical categories and constructions, and from FrameNet frames, organized in a conceptual network. Language-specific constructions are linked to the CCs in accordance with general principles. MoCCA is organized into files of two types: a largely static CC Database file and multiple Linking files containing relations between constructions in a Constructicon and the CCs. Tools are planned to facilitate visualization of the CC network and linking of constructions to the CCs. All files and guidelines will be versioned, and a mechanism is set up to report cases where a language-specific construction cannot be easily linked to existing CCs.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th Joint ACL - ISO Workshop on Interoperable Semantic Annotation @LREC-COLING-2024, 20 May, 2024, Torino, Italia}, author = {Lorenzi, Arthur and Ljunglöf, Peter and Lyngfelt, Benjamin and Torrent, Tiago Timponi and Croft, William and Ziem, Alexander and Böbel, Nina and Bäckström, Linnéa and Uhrig, Peter and Matos, Ely}, year = {2024}, publisher = {ELRA}, ISBN = {978-2-493814-32-6}, } @inProceedings{munozsanchez-etal-2024-names-336384, title = {Did the Names I Used within My Essay Affect My Score? Diagnosing Name Biases in Automated Essay Scoring}, abstract = {Automated essay scoring (AES) of second-language learner essays is a high-stakes task as it can affect the job and educational opportunities a student may have access to. Thus, it becomes imperative to make sure that the essays are graded based on the students’ language proficiency as opposed to other reasons, such as personal names used in the text of the essay. Moreover, most of the research data for AES tends to contain personal identifiable information. Because of that, pseudonymization becomes an important tool to make sure that this data can be freely shared. Thus, our systems should not grade students based on which given names were used in the text of the essay, both for fairness and for privacy reasons. In this paper we explore how given names affect the CEFR level classification of essays of second language learners of Swedish. We use essays containing just one personal name and substitute it for names from lists of given names from four different ethnic origins, namely Swedish, Finnish, Anglo-American, and Arabic. We find that changing the names within the essays has no apparent effect on the classification task, regardless of whether a feature-based or a transformer-based model is used.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Language Data Pseudonymization (CALD-pseudo 2024)}, author = {Muñoz Sánchez, Ricardo and Dobnik, Simon and Szawerna, Maria Irena and Lindström Tiedemann, Therese and Volodina, Elena}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, } @misc{volodina-etal-2024-proceedings-335190, title = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024), 10-11 January, 2024, Gothenburg, Sweden}, author = {Volodina, Elena and Bouma, Gerlof and Forsberg, Markus and Kokkinakis, Dimitrios and Alfter, David and Fridlund, Mats and Horn, Christian and Ahrenberg, Lars and Blåder, Anna}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Linköping University Electronic Press}, address = {Linköping}, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @inProceedings{szawerna-etal-2024-pseudonymization-338089, title = {Pseudonymization Categories across Domain Boundaries}, abstract = {Linguistic data, a component critical not only for research in a variety of fields but also for the development of various Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, can contain personal information. As a result, its accessibility is limited, both from a legal and an ethical standpoint. One of the solutions is the pseudonymization of the data. Key stages of this process include the identification of sensitive elements and the generation of suitable surrogates in a way that the data is still useful for the intended task. Within this paper, we conduct an analysis of tagsets that have previously been utilized in anonymization and pseudonymization. We also investigate what kinds of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) appear in various domains. These reveal that none of the analyzed tagsets account for all of the PII types present cross-domain at the level of detailedness seemingly required for pseudonymization. We advocate for a universal system of tags for categorizing PIIs leading up to their replacement. Such categorization could facilitate the generation of grammatically, semantically, and sociolinguistically appropriate surrogates for the kinds of information that are considered sensitive in a given domain, resulting in a system that would enable dynamic pseudonymization while keeping the texts readable and useful for future research in various fields.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)}, author = {Szawerna, Maria Irena and Dobnik, Simon and Lindström Tiedemann, Therese and Muñoz Sánchez, Ricardo and Vu, Xuan-Son and Volodina, Elena}, year = {2024}, publisher = {ELRA and ICCL}, } @inProceedings{angsal-etal-2024-terrorism-337182, title = {Terrorism som tolkningsram: en diskurssemantisk studie av svensk riksdagsdebatt 1993–2018}, booktitle = {Svenskans beskrivning}, author = {Ängsal, Magnus Pettersson and Brodén, Daniel and Fridlund, Mats and Olsson, Leif-Jöran and Öhberg, Patrik}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Örebro universitet}, address = {Örebro}, ISBN = {978-91-87789-91-5}, } @inProceedings{holdt-etal-2024-towards-341134, title = {Towards an Ideal Tool for Learner Error Annotation}, abstract = {Annotation and analysis of corrections in learner corpora have always presented technical challenges, mainly on account of the fact that until now there has not been any standard tool available, and that original and corrected versions of texts have been mostly stored together rather than treated as individual texts. In this paper, we present CJVT Svala 1.0, the Slovene version of the SVALA tool, which was originally used for the annotation of Swedish learner language. The localisation into Slovene resulted in the development of several new features in SVALA such as the support for multiple annotation systems, localisation into other languages, and the support for more complex annotation systems. Adopting the parallel aligned approach to text visualisation and annotation, as well as storing the data, combined with the tool supporting this, i.e. SVALA, are proposed as new standards in Learner Corpus Research.}, booktitle = {2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC-COLING 2024 - Main Conference Proceedings}, author = {Holdt, Špela Arhar and Erjavec, Tomaž and Kosem, Iztok and Volodina, Elena}, year = {2024}, ISBN = {9782493814104}, } @article{berdicevskis-etal-2024-drop-326112, title = {To drop or not to drop? Predicting the omission of the infinitival marker in a Swedish future construction}, abstract = {We investigate the optional omission of the infinitival marker in a Swedish future tense construction. During the last two decades the frequency of omission has been rapidly increasing, and this process has received considerable attention in the literature. We test whether the knowledge which has been accumulated can yield accurate predictions of language variation and change. We extracted all occurrences of the construction from a very large collection of corpora. The dataset was automatically annotated with language-internal predictors which have previously been shown or hypothesized to affect the variation. We trained several models in order to make two kinds of predictions: whether the marker will be omitted in a specific utterance and how large the proportion of omissions will be for a given time period. For most of the approaches we tried, we were not able to achieve a better-than-baseline performance. The only exception was predicting the proportion of omissions using autoregressive integrated moving average models for one-step-ahead forecast, and in this case time was the only predictor that mattered. Our data suggest that most of the language-internal predictors do have some effect on the variation, but the effect is not strong enough to yield reliable predictions.}, journal = {Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory}, author = {Berdicevskis, Aleksandrs and Coussé, Evie and Koplenig, Alexander and Adesam, Yvonne}, year = {2024}, volume = {20}, number = {1}, pages = {219–261}, } @article{landqvist-etal-2024-termer-339976, title = {Termer för grundämnena H, N och O: resultat av nordiskt terminologisamarbete från 1950-tal till 2020-tal}, abstract = {Den som vill bedriva ett framgångsrikt terminologiarbete måste ha samarbetspartners. År 1981 formulerade Christer Laurén detta faktum som att ”[b]åde ingenjören och språkmannen behövs i fackspråklig språkvård”, medan Henrik Nilsson fyrtio år senare konstaterade att ”[t]erminologer behöver experter för att kunna genomföra ett terminologiarbete av god kvalitet” (Laurén 1981, s. 9; Nilsson 2021, s. 77). Samarbetet kan ske inom ett land eller mellan personer och institutioner i flera länder (Bucher 2016a; Bucher 2017; Nilsson 2021). Den här artikeln handlar om terminologi(sam)arbete i Norden.}, journal = {Sprog i Norden 2024/Språk i Norden 2024. Tema: Nordterm 23 Terminologi i samhällets tjänst (Red. Kirsten Lindø Dolberg-Møller)}, author = {Landqvist, Hans and Nissilä, Niina and Sjöberg, Sannina}, year = {2024}, pages = {137–152}, } @inProceedings{adesam-etal-2024-sprakforandring-337166, title = {Språkförändring på bar gärning. En mikrodiakron korpusstudie av pågående förändringar i stavning, lexikon och grammatik}, booktitle = {Svenskans beskrivning 38: Förhandlingar vid trettioåttonde sammankomsten. Örebro 4–6 maj 2022, Del I}, author = {Adesam, Yvonne and Berdicevskis, Aleksandrs and Coussé, Evie}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Örebro universitet}, address = {Örebro}, ISBN = {978-91-87789-89-2}, } @inProceedings{landqvist-2024-forutsattningar-337141, title = {Förutsättningar, upplägg och utvärderingar. Utmaningar för och möjligheter med två utbildningar i terminologi vid Göteborgs universitet}, booktitle = {Att undervisa i terminologi – utmaningar och möjligheter. Konferens 23–24 maj i Stockholm}, author = {Landqvist, Hans}, year = {2024}, } @inProceedings{masciolini-2024-bootstrapping-338425, title = {Bootstrapping the Annotation of UD Learner Treebanks}, abstract = {Learner data comes in a variety of formats, making corpora difficult to compare with each other. Universal Dependencies (UD) has therefore been proposed as a replacement for the various ad-hoc annotation schemes. Nowadays, the time-consuming task of building a UD treebank often starts with a round of automatic annotation. The performance of the currently available tools trained on standard language, however, tends to decline substantially upon application to learner text. Grammatical errors play a major role, but a significant performance gap has been observed even between standard test sets and normalized learner essays. In this paper, we investigate how to best bootstrap the annotation of UD learner corpora. In particular, we want to establish whether Target Hypotheses (THs), i.e. grammar-corrected learner sentences, are suitable training data for fine-tuning a parser aimed for original (ungrammatical) L2 material. We perform experiments using English and Italian data from two of the already available UD learner corpora. Our results show manually annotated THs to be highly beneficial and suggest that even automatically parsed sentences of this kind might be helpful, if available in sufficiently large amounts.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th Workshop on Building and Using Comparable Corpora (BUCC) @ LREC-COLING 2024, 20 May, 2024, Torino, Italia}, author = {Masciolini, Arianna}, year = {2024}, publisher = {ELRA }, ISBN = {978-2-493814-31-9}, } @article{lindahl-borin-2024-annotation-333043, title = {Annotation for computational argumentation analysis: Issues and perspectives}, abstract = {Argumentation has long been studied in a number of disciplines, including several branches of linguistics. In recent years, computational processing of argumentation has been added to the list, reflecting a general interest from the field of natural language processing (NLP) in building natural language understanding systems for increasingly intricate language phenomena. Computational argumentation analysis – referred to as argumentation mining in the NLP literature – requires large amounts of real-world text with manually analyzed argumentation. This process is known as annotation in the NLP literature and such annotated datasets are used both as “gold standards” for assessing the quality of NLP applications and as training data for the machine learning algorithms underlying most state of the art approaches to NLP. Argumentation annotation turns out to be complex, both because argumentation can be complex in itself and because it does not come across as a unitary phenomenon in the literature. In this survey we review how argumentation has been studied in other fields, how it has been annotated in NLP and what has been achieved so far. We conclude with describing some important current and future issues to be resolved.}, journal = {Language and Linguistics Compass}, author = {Lindahl, Anna and Borin, Lars}, year = {2024}, volume = {18}, number = {1}, } @inProceedings{masciolini-toth-2024-stund-335974, title = {STUnD: ett Sökverktyg för Tvåspråkiga Universal Dependencies-trädbanker }, abstract = {Föreliggande artikel introducerar STUND, ett Sökverktyg för Tvåspråkiga Universal Dependencies-trädbanker som möjliggör parallella syntaktiska sökningar. Vi demonstrerar dess praktiska tillämpning i en fallstudie på tempusformen presens perfekt i svenska och engelska. Resultaten visar att presens perfekt används i ungefär lika stor utsträckning i båda språken, men att det förekommer viss variation som verkar bero på språkspecifika konventioner och översättningsstrategier. }, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024), Gothenburg, 10–11 January 2024}, author = {Masciolini, Arianna and Tóth, Márton András}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Linköping University Electronic Press}, address = {Linköping }, ISBN = {978-91-8075-512-2}, } @article{landqvist-2024-finlandssvenska-335636, title = {Finlandssvenska översättare i Svenskt översättarlexikon}, abstract = {Svenskt översättarlexikon innehåller artiklar om sverigesvenska och finlandssvenska översättare. Vilka översättare i lexikonet kan sägas vara finlandssvenskar? Och finns det några finlandssvenska översättare som inte ingår i lexikonet – men som borde göra det? }, journal = {Språkbruk}, author = {Landqvist, Hans}, year = {2024}, volume = {2024}, number = {2024-03-07}, } @inProceedings{szawerna-2024-stanza-336413, title = {Can Stanza be Used for Part-of-Speech Tagging Historical Polish?}, abstract = {The goal of this paper is to evaluate the performance of Stanza, a part-of-speech (POS) tagger developed for modern Polish, on historical text to assess its possible use for automating the annotation of other historical texts. While the issue of the reliability of utilizing POS taggers on historical data has been previously discussed, most of the research focuses on languages whose grammar differs from Polish, meaning that their results need not be fully applicable in this case. The evaluation of Stanza is conducted on two sets of 10286 and 3270 manually annotated tokens from a piece of historical Polish writing (1899), and the errors are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results show a good performance of the tagger, especially when it comes to Universal Part-of-Speech (UPOS) tags, which is promising for utilizing the tagger for automatic annotation in larger projects, and pinpoint some common features of misclassified tokens.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop}, author = {Szawerna, Maria Irena}, year = {2024}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, ISBN = {979-8-89176-090-5}, } @inProceedings{morger-2024-swediagnostics-341148, title = {SweDiagnostics: A Diagnostics Natural Language Inference Dataset for Swedish}, abstract = {This paper presents SweDiagnostics, a natural language inference dataset for Swedish based on the GLUE Diagnostic dataset. It is the largest, manually corrected NLI dataset in Swedish to date and can be used to evaluate models on NLI in Swedish as well as estimate English-Swedish language transfer capabilities. We present the dataset, the methodology used for translation, compare existing implementations and discuss limitations of the dataset, in particular those related to translationese.}, booktitle = {17th Workshop on Building and Using Comparable Corpora, BUCC 2024 at LREC-COLING 2024 - Proceedings}, author = {Morger, Felix}, year = {2024}, ISBN = {9782493814319}, }