BibTeX

@inProceedings{lundholmfors-2011-pause-146574,
	title        = {Pause length variations within and between speakers over time},
	abstract     = {In the current study, intra-turn pause variation has been investigated within and between
speakers in dialogues. Results show that there
is a tendency for different speakers to prefer
different pause locations within turns. There
was further a significant correlation in the majority of the dialogues between how the median lengths of pauses varied for the speakers
over the course of the dialogues. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that
speakers seem to show individual patterns as
to where they prefer to pause within turns, but
pause length variations tend to be correlated
between speakers in the same dialogue.},
	booktitle    = {SemDial 2011 (Los Angelogue): Proceedings of the 15th workshop on Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue.},
	author       = {Lundholm Fors, Kristina},
	year         = {2011},
	pages        = {198--199},
}

@article{lundholmfors-villing-2011-reducing-146576,
	title        = {Reducing cognitive load in in-vehicle dialogue system interaction},
	abstract     = {In-vehicle dialogue systems need to be able to
adapt to the cognitive load of the user, and,
when possible, reduce cognitive load. To accomplish this, we need to know how humans
act while driving and talking to a passenger,
and find out if there are dialogue strategies
that can be used to minimize cognitive load.
In this study, we have analyzed human-human
in-vehicle dialogues, focusing on pauses and
adjacency pairs. Our results show that when
the driver is experiencing high cognitive load,
the passenger’s median pause times increase.
We also found that, when switching to another
domain and/or topic, both driver and passenger try to avoid interrupting an adjacency pair.
This suggests that a dialogue system could
help lower the user’s cognitive load by increasing pause lengths within turns, and plan
system utterances in order to avoid switching
task within an adjacency pair.},
	journal      = {SemDial 2011: Proceedings of the 15th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue},
	author       = {Lundholm Fors, Kristina and Villing, Jessica},
	year         = {2011},
	pages        = {55--62},
}

@article{lundholmfors-2011-investigation-141540,
	title        = {An investigation of intra-turn pauses in spontaneous speech},
	abstract     = {In this study, pauses within speakers’ turns are described and analysed. Tentative results show that different pauses within a speaker’s turn might differ in length. Pause length variations over time in dialogues were investigated, and in 5 out of 6 dialogues, a statistically significant correlation was found between the speakers’ variations in pause length.},
	journal      = {Proceedings from Fonetik 2011: TMH-QPSR},
	author       = {Lundholm Fors, Kristina},
	year         = {2011},
	volume       = {51},
	pages        = {65--68},
}

@inProceedings{lundholmfors-2011-categorization-140918,
	title        = {Categorization of pauses in conversational speech},
	abstract     = {Pauses are often divided into pauses between turns and pauses within
turns; that is pauses where speaker change takes place, and pauses
where the same speaker speaks before and after the pause. While this
may be one way to categorize pauses, a further categorization will here
be suggested and backed up by data.
Within turns, there are two possible pause locations: a pause may
occur at a possible transition relevance place (TRP), or it can occur
within a syntactic unit. This suggests that when the pause occurs
at a TRP, the speakers negotiate whether the current speaker shall
continue speaking, or if there will be a turn change. When the speaker
pauses within a syntactic unit, it is more clear that the speaker that
spoke before the pause will continue after the pause. In analogy with
this, at a turn change where no speaker has been nominated, speakers
need to negotiate who will take the turn. When a speaker has been
nominated by the previous speaker, the pause at the turn change does
not include “turn negotiation.”
When investigating pause lengths and variance, the pause types
that do not include turn negotiation show clear similarities, as do the
pauses that do include turn negotiation. It is therefore possible to
conclude that when only dividing pauses into occurring between and
within turns, some of the features that characterize different pause
types are lost.},
	booktitle    = {Speaking of prosody: A symposium in conjunction with the 60th birthday of Professor Merle Horne. Lund University, May 21 2011 },
	author       = {Lundholm Fors, Kristina},
	year         = {2011},
}